Heating stove or furnace.



PATENTBD AUG. 7, 1906.-

R. L. COMMONS. HEATING STOVE 0R PURNACE.

l APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 2a. 1905.

/ wwf ROBERT L COMMONS, OF HARVEY, ILLINOIS.

v HEATING STOVE OR FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 7, 1906.

, Application filed June 23, 1905. Serial No. 266,598.

`To a/ZZ whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. COMMONS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Harvey, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Stoves orFurnaces; and I do hereby declare that the fol- 'lowing is a full,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part. of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in heating stoves or furnaces andthe invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Among the objects of the invention is to provide an exceedingly simplestove which can be economically manufactured and which possesses highheating efliciency.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a .vertical section of a stove made inaccordance with my y invention, taken on line 1 1 of Fig. 5. Fig. 2

is a topplan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the stove,taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 5. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken online 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line 5 5 ofFig. 1. Fig. 6 is a top plan view, partially broken away, showing amodified form of the stove.

. As shown in the drawings, the main body of the stove consists of anouter shell A and an inner shell C. Within the lower part of the outershell is formed a fire-pot A', provided with the usual grate A2, and A3is a door closing the fire-pot. B designates the base of the stove,which incloses an ash-pan B', which is adapted to be Withdrawn from theside of the base.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1 the inner shell constitutes acombustion-chamber, which is closed at its top by an end wall c and isin open communication at its lower end with the fire-pot Aff. Betweensaid inner and Outer shells are formed alternating smokeiiues D andair-passages E. Said alternating air-passages andsmoke-flues areseparated by partitions a a, which extend from the lower end of theshell C to the top wall A4. of the stove. The smoke-fines are open attheir lower ends to the fire-pot and communicate. at their upper endswith a central pipenipple A5, rising from the top of the stove throughthe medium of horizontal radiallydisposed conduits D Fig. 2, formed onthe top wall of the stove. Preferably the smokeflues communicate attheir upper ends with the interior of the shell C through openings d, soas to avoid a pocket or dead-gas space in the top of the inner shell andto promote combustion.

The air-passages E receive air through discharged from the upper endsthereof into the space surrounding the stove through yopenings e in thetop wall of the stove. Preferably said air-passages E extend at theirlower ends below the lower ends of the smokeceived through theinlet-openings e.' With this construction the cooler air near the iioorof the room containing the stove is drawn into the air-passages, therebypromoting the circulation of the air through said passages. Moreover,the extension of said passages into the fire-box in the manner describedbrings the said lower ends of the flues into intimate contact with theheat of the fire-box, thereby adding to the eiiiciency of thetransmission of the heat to the rising air-currents. The walls of saidair-passages between the shells are formed bythe partitions a a at theirlateral sides and by the shells A' and C at their outer and inner sides,respectively. The alternate arrangement of the smoke-flues andAair-passages is an important feature of the construction, inasmuch assuch constructiony brings the heated products of combustion in contactwith three sides of the air-passages, through which the heat istransmitted to the air-currents rising upwardly through said passages.

Preferably the air-passages E are made smallest at their lower ends andgradually increase in `cross-sectional area toward their upper ends,while the smoke-fines D are reversely disposed, being made widest attheir lower ends and narrowest at their upper ends. Such arrangement ofthe flues is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and will be understood froma comparison of Figs. 4 and 5, Fig. 5 illustrating the width of saidpassages at theirv lower ends and Fig. 4 illustrating the width thereofat their upper ends. Such variation .of the width of the smoke-lines andair-passages is effected by inclining the partitions toward and awayfrom each other. The inclination of the side walls of the air-passagesopenings e at the lower ends thereof, and currents of air rise throughthe passages and are IOO IIO

from each other toward the upper ends oi the passages increases thewidth of the inner walls of said passages Jformed by said shell C,whereby the currents of air rising through the passages are brought incontact with gradually-increased extent of said inner walls, with theresult of an increased transmission of heat to said rising air-currents.The construction described, while increasing the area of the inner wallsof the passages against which the rising air-currents are brought intocontact, has no effect to increase or diminish the area of the sidewalls of the passages constituted by said partitions a.

As herein shown, the stove is provided with three smoke-lues D and threeair-passages E but the number thereof may be varied as desired. One ofthe air-passages E-to wit, that on the side of the stove adjacent to thedoor-is herein shown as made considerably wider than the other-twopassages and is provided at its upper end with two dischargeopenings e',Fig.y 2. Said wide air-passage may also be provided at its lower endwith two extensions located in the fire-box and communicating with theinlet air-openings e. This construction provides at the upper end of thestove a space to receive irons or other articles to be heated thereon.The door is located partially above the level of the lower end of theinner shell C, whereby that part of the shell infront of the upper partof the door constitutes a shield located between the upper-part of thedoor-opening and the fire-box. The space in front of said door-openingis separated from the wider air-passage by a horizontal partition d,Figs. l and'llf.A As a preferred construction the inner and outer shellsand the partitions dividing the smokeiues and air-passages, as well asthe top wall of the stove, are .made of an integral casting, theintegral casting extending to the base of the stove and joined theretoby an offset joining-margin, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Baffle-bars dare shown as extending across the lower ends of the smoke-fines D tobreak up the currents of smoke upon entering said lues.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a modified form of the stove, wherein thefuel-opening A6 is formed in the top wall A4 of the stove and is closedby a suitable lid or cover A7. In this construction the pipe-nipple Asis located at one side of the stove-top and communicates vwith thesmoke-lues of the Jfurnace through conduits A9 A10, the rear one, A, ofwhich opens directly into the pipe-nipple and the side ones, A10, ofwhich extend laterally and rearwardly lto said nipple. Said conduits, as

well as, the pipe-nipple, are formed integral parts of the stove-top andoperate in the same manner as do the conduits D of thepreviously-described construction to direct the smoke rising through thepassages D to the pipe-nipple-A.

In some instances the stove herein shown may be used as the centralfurnace of a hotair heating system. In such use suitable airpipes mayconduct the heated air from the passages E to the different rooms orapartments to be heated. For this purpose nipples are shown as risingfrom the stove-top around the discharge-openings e of said passages, towhich the distributing-passages ymay be attached.

I claim as my inventionl. A stove comprising inner and outer shellsbetween which are formed alternate, vertical smoke-fines andair-passages, a firebox formed in the lower part of the outer shell andcommunicatin@r with the lower ends `of the smoke-fines, and apipe-nippleinto which the upper ends of the smoke-flues discharge, saidair-passages receiving air at their lower ends through openings in thesaid outer shell and provided with dischargeopenings at their upperends.

2. A stove comprising inner and outer shells between which are formedalternate, vertical smoke-lues and air-passages, a iirejbox formed inthe lower part of the outer shell and communicating with the lower ends,of the smoke-fines, and a pipe-nipple into which the upper ends of thesmoke-rlues discharge, said air-passages receiving air at Etheir lowerends through openings in the said outer shell and provided withdischargesages being made narrow at their lower' ends and increasing incross-sectional area toward their upper ends.

3. A stove comprising inner and outer yshells between which are Jformedalternate, lvertical smoke-fines and air-passages, a firebox formed inthe lower part of the outer shell and communicating with the lower endsof the smoke-f lues, and a pipe-nipple into which the upper ends of thesmoke-flues discharge, said air-passages receiving air at their lowerends through openings in the said outer shell and provided withdischargeopenings at their upper ends, said air-passages extending attheir lower ends below the smoke-lues and into the iire-box.

4.- A stove comprising inner and outer shells `closed at their upperends between which are Jformed alternate, vertical smokelues andair-passages, a fire-box Jformed in the lower end of the outer shell andcommunicating with the lower ends of the smokeflues, and a pipe-nippleinto which the upper ends of the smoke-flues discharge, said airpassagesreceiving air at their lower ends through openings Jformed in said outershell and provided with discharge-openings at their upper ends, saidinner shell being provided near its upper ends with apertures vhich openinto the upper ends of the smokeues.

5. A stove comprising inner and outer fopenings at their upper ends,said air-pas- IOO IIO

shells, a fire-box, tween and integral with said inner and outer shellsand forming vertical said shells,the alternate assages constitutingair-passages and smo e-lues, which latter communicate at their lowerends with said fire-box, and a pipe-nipple communicatin with the upperends of said smoke-fines, sai air-passages receiving air at their lowerends through openings formed in said outer shell and provided withdischargeopenings at their upper ends.

6. A stove comprising inner and outer shells, a ire-box, partitionsextending between and integral with said inner and outer shells andforming vertical passages between said shells, the alternate passagesconstituting air-passages and smoke-hues, which latter communicate attheir lower ends with said fire-box, and a pipe-nipple communicatingwith the upper ends of said smoke-hues, said air-passages receiving airat their lower ends through openings formed in said outer shell andprovided with discharge-openings at their upper ends, said partitionsbeing inclined from the vertical in such manner that passages betweenpartitions extending bel the air-passages are widest at their upper endsand the lower ends.

7. A stove comprising inner and outer shells between which are verticalsmoke-lues and air-passages, a rebox formed in the lower part of theouter shell and communicating with the lower ends of the smol e-ilues, apipe-nipple into which the upper ends of the smoke-lues discharge, saidair-passages receiving air at their lower ends through openings in thesaid outer shell and provided with discharge-openin s at their upperends, said air-passages eing made narrow at their lower ends andincreasing in cross-sectional area toward their upper ends, andbaffle-bars extending horizontally across the lower ends of saidsmoke-lues.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix mysignature, in presence'of two witnesses, this 17th day of June,

ROBERT L. COMIVIONS.

smoke-ilues are widest at their Witnesses:

WILLIAM L. HALL. G. R. N rLxINs.

provided alternate,

